Generation of 131 fs mode-locked pulses from 2.8μm Er:ZBLAN fiber laser

We demonstrated a femtosecond mode-locked Er:Zr F4-Ba F2-La F3-Al F3-Na F(Er:ZBLAN)fiber laser at 2.8μm based on the nonlinear polarization rotation technique.The laser generated an average output power of 317 m W with a repetition rate of 107 MHz and pulse duration as short as 131 fs.To the best of our knowledge,this is the shortest pulse generated directly from a mid-infrared mode-locked Er:ZBLAN fiber laser to date.Numerical simulation and experimental results confirm that reducing the gain fiber length is an effective way to shorten the mode-locked pulse duration in the Er:ZBLAN fiber laser.The work takes an important step towards sub-100-fs mid-infrared pulse generation from mode-locked Er:ZBLAN fiber lasers.     

Organocatalytic asymmetric chlorinative dearomatization of naphthols

An organocatalytic asymmetric chlorinative dearomatization of naphthols was realized for the first time, providing chiral naphthalenones with a Cl-containing all-substituted stereocenter in excellent yields and enantioselectivity (up to 97% yield and 96% ee). The reaction features mild reaction conditions, good tolerance of diverse functional groups and simple reaction operation.     

不同杂环取代(E)-β-Farnesene类似物的合成及生物活性研究

为了寻求新型蚜虫控制剂,以蚜虫报警信息素(E)-β-farnesene(EBF)为先导,引入不同类型的杂环取代EBF结构中不稳定的共轭双键,设计合成了一系列不同杂环取代的EBF类似物.所有化合物结构均通过1H NMR、13C NMR、IR及HRMS确证.对化合物进行了生物活性测试及初步构效关系分析.结果表明,所有化合物均对桃蚜和大豆蚜表现出一定的生物活性,部分化合物的杀虫活性优于先导EBF,酯基的引入则对驱避活性有利.     

紧黎曼流形上的椭圆边界值问题

讨论一类非齐次非线性椭圆边界值问题.利用极大值原理证明了该问题解的梯度估计.作为它的应用得到了解的效率比估计.     

Development and validation of an LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of mesalazine in beagle dog plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

A simple, specific and sensitive LC‐MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of mesalazine in beagle dog plasma. The plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation, then the separation of the analyte was achieved on a Waters Spherisorb C₆ column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% formic acid in water–methanol (20:80, v/v). The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL/min with a split ratio of 3:2. Mass spectrometric detection was achieved by a triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray source interface in positive ionization mode. Quantitation was performed using selected reaction monitoring of precursor–product ion transitions at m/z 154 → m/z 108 for mesalazine and m/z 285 → m/z 193 for diazepam (internal standard). The linear calibration curve of mesalazine was obtained over the concentration range 50–30,000 ng/mL. The matrix effect of mesalazine was within ±9.8%. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were <7.9% and the accuracy (relative error) was within ±3.5%. The validated method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of mesalazine in healthy beagle dogs after rectal administration of mesalazine suppository. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

溶剂比对Mn-ZnO复合纳米线形貌及吸附脱硫研究

采用水热法合成了Mn-ZnO复合纳米线,通过改变溶剂比来考察其对Mn-ZnO形貌的影响,并用等体积浸渍法负载金属Ni,制备反应吸附脱硫剂,以正庚烷/噻吩为模拟油并在固定床反应器装置上评价反应吸附脱硫性能.通过XRD、BET、SEM等方法对该催化剂进行表征;研究表明:溶剂比不同可导致Mn-ZnO复合物形貌的不同,从而影响脱硫性能.以乙醇溶液为溶剂制备的脱硫催化剂脱硫率可达99;左右,并且具有良好的稳定性.     

Interfacial Engineering in PtNiCo/NiCoS Nanowires for Enhanced Electrocatalysis and Electroanalysis

Searching for new anti-poisoning Pt-based catalysts with enhanced activity for alcohol oxidation is the key in direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). However, in the traditional strategy for designing bimetallic or multimetallic alloy is still difficult to achieve a satisfactory heterogeneous electrocatalyst because the activity often depends on only the surface atoms. Herein, we fabricate the multicomponent active sites by creating a sulfide structure on 1D PtNiCo trimetallic nanowires (NWs), to give a PtNiCo/NiCoS interface NWs (IFNWs). Owing to the presence of sulfide interfaces, the PtNiCo/NiCoS IFNWs enable an impressive methanol/ethanol oxidation reaction (MOR/EOR) performance and excellent anti-CO poisoning tolerance. They have the MOR and EOR mass activities of 2.25 Amg^-1_Pt and 1.62 Amg^-1_Pt, around 1.26, 3.21 and 1.46, 2.96 times higher than those of PtNiCo NWs and commercial Pt/C, respectively. CO-stripping and XPS measurements further demonstrate that the new interfacial structure and optimal bonding of Pt−CO can result in accelerating the removal of surface adsorbed carbonaceous intermediates. Moreover, such a unique structure has also demonstrated a much-improved ability for the electrochemical detection of some important molecules (H₂O₂ and NH₂NH₂).     

Are Hetero-metallapentalenes Aromatic or Not? A DFT Investigation

Aromaticity is one of the most basic concepts in organic chemistry. The planar Möbius aromatic metallapentalynes and metallapentalenes have attracted considerable attention in the past few years. However, the aromaticity of metallapentalenes containing heteroatoms (such as B, N, and O), termed as hetero-metallapentalenes, is rarely studied. Herein, the stability and aromaticity of a series of hetero-metallapentalenes are theoretically investigated. The results reveal lower aromaticity in metallaborapentalene, comparable aromaticity in metallazapentalene, and nonaromaticity in metalloxapentalene relative to that of metallapentalene. Moreover, the effect of Lewis bases on the aromaticity and stability of metallaborapentalene is discussed. These results provide useful information for experimental chemists to realize more hetero-metallapentalenes.     

Toward Understanding the Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Storage in 3D SnS/MXene Architectures Enabled by Engineered Surface Reactions

The optimization of three-dimensional (3D) MXene-based electrodes with desired electrochemical performances is highly demanded. Here, a precursor-guided strategy is reported for fabricating the 3D SnS/MXene architecture with tiny SnS nanocrystals (≈5 nm in size) covalently decorated on the wrinkled Ti₃C₂T_x nanosheets through Ti−S bonds (denoted as SnS/Ti₃C₂T_x-O). The formation of Ti−S bonds between SnS and Ti₃C₂T_x was confirmed by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Rather than bulky SnS plates decorated on Ti₃C₂T_x (SnS/Ti₃C₂T_x-H) by one-step hydrothermal sulfidation followed by post annealing, this SnS/Ti₃C₂T_x-O presents size-dependent structural and dynamic properties. The as-formed 3D hierarchical structure can provide short ion-diffusion pathways and electron transport distances because of the more accessible surface sites. In addition, benefiting from the tiny SnS nanocrystals that can effectively improve Na⁺ diffusion and suppress structural variation upon charge/discharge processes, the as-obtained SnS/Ti₃C₂T_x-O can generate pseudocapacitance-dominated storage behavior enabled by engineered surface reactions. As predicted, this electrode exhibits an enhanced Na storage capacity of 565 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ after 75 cycles, outperforming SnS/Ti₃C₂T_x-H (336 mAh g⁻¹), SnS (212 mAh g⁻¹), and Ti₃C₂T_x (104 mAh g⁻¹) electrodes.